1. How would the Dual Coding Theory change how you create PowerPoint presentations?

The Dual Coding theory emphasized the human ways of processing the information which is visually and verbally. Therefore, one should create a PowerPoint presentation in such a way that the content of it forward the information in both ways and remain specific to the context (Sung-Byung et al. 187). Hence, the presentation should include pictures, videos and sound for creating a high impact on the audience.

Figure 1: Dual Code Theory Source: MySimpleShow

2. Why are we talking about the concept of Flow in a class about online and multimedia learning?

The concept of flow holds the utmost importance in the online learning environment. The flow maintains e- learner’s sense of absorbing virtual education from the multimedia framework of technology. The concept of flow provides three benefits with positive emotion, its academic performance and motivation towards learning further from the online and multimedia learning methods.

3. Why are we learning about learning theories in this class?

We learning about the learning theories in this class as they offer insights about using information, knowledge creation and the core reason behind the generation of learning (Campbell et al. 26). In this way, it helps the learner to make informed decisions in respect of a particular situation with the help of learning designer framework.

4. What uses and potential benefits for online learning can the Hypothes.is tool give us? What are potential drawbacks to using Hypothes.is?

Hypothes.is is a free and open tool which helps in online learning by increasing the student’s engagement in annotating the web from anywhere. It also facilities layers of conversation from the entire web. With this platform, students and teacher can analyze text collaboratively. The major potential drawbacks are that Hypothes.is cannot help the students in solving the problems.

5. Other thoughts or reflections you’ve had on interactive and multimedia learning from today’s videos and readings?

With today’s video and reading, I learned about the depth of the interactive and multimedia learning which helps me in understanding the basics of creating content with the multimedia tool. Now, I am able to understand the science behind the content creation which I will be able to use in the future presentation to make them more effective.

References :

Yang, Sung-Byung, et al. “An empirical examination of online restaurant reviews on Yelp. com: A dual coding theory perspective.” International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management (2017).

Campbell, Anita, Tracy Craig, and Brandon Collier-Reed. “A framework for using learning theories to inform ‘growth mindset’activities.” International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology 51.1 (2020): 26-43

2. Describe the key reasons why creating a multimedia lesson plan -before- creating multimedia content is so important.

The multimedia lesson plan can be considered as an initial step towards creating multimedia content. The whole designing process of the multimedia lesson includes six crucial step which gradually helps in creating a quality content which is the definition, research, ideation, develop, improve and feedback. The key reason which makes important creating a multimedia lesson plan as it offers the creator a clarity about a content which needs to implement in the multimedia content (Syafii, Muhammad Lukman, Alip Sugianto, and Nanang Cendriono). Its first requirement deals with the goal of the multimedia content which needs to be conveyed to the learner or audience. Then, the second reason is the learning objective which can be clearly highlighted in it and follow S.M.A.R.T rule. Third, if the audience requires prior knowledge to understand the multimedia content or even for the creator. Last, it deals with the delivery of content and evaluation as well. It mainly helps in organizing and planning the whole multimedia content.

Multimedia Principle

3. List and briefly discuss the multimedia principles that directly relate to videos with embedded multiple-choice questions.

There are 12 Mayer’s principles which help in creating better multimedia content for the audience. However, there is the fewer principle which points out towards the videos with an embedded multiple-choice question. First, the redundancy principle which aims the audience grasp more from graphics, on-screen text with narrations in it(Sambiran, Andilan, and Sunaryo Soenarto). Second, the modality principle which highlights that multimedia lesson with graphics and inbuilt animations. Last, the signalling principle which shows that audience or people shows more interest in content when essential content is highlighted to them.

References

Syafii, Muhammad Lukman, Alip Sugianto, and Nanang Cendriono. “IMPROVING STUDENTS’SPEAKING SKILL BY USING MULTIMEDIA PRESENTATION STRATEGY.” ENGLISH REVIEW 7.2 (2019).

Sambiran, Andilan, and Sunaryo Soenarto. “Using Mayer’s Principles in Designing Mobile-Based Learning Module: Implementation in the subject of Simulation and Digital Communication For Vocational High School.” Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Science and Technology for an Internet of Things. European Alliance for Innovation (EAI), 2018.

• Which multimedia learning (MML) principles did Dr. Ray Pastore now follow in his video about MML principles? Why might an expert not be able to follow all the principles when creating a multimedia learning object?

The Multimedia Learning (MML) principles did Dr Ray Pastore now follow in his video about the MML principle is a combination of Multimedia principle and segmentation principle. It is become difficult to follow all the principle when creating multimedia learning object as each principle indicates towards a different set of instruction and situations.

• Which multimedia learning principles would apply to a PowerPoint presentation in a classroom or face-to-face business meeting?

The multimedia principle would apply to a PowerPoint presentation in a classroom while in face to face spilt attention principle can be applied from the multimedia learning principle.

• Provide an example of a multimedia learning principle you have intuitively followed in the past, and an example of a multimedia learning principle you have broken in the past.

While creating a PowerPoint presentation in my previous classwork courses, I intuitively used the Multimedia principle which emphasized on using pictures with words for better understanding. While I broke the redundancy principle as I provide the same information multiple times to the audience.

• Embed two or more multimedia objects in your blog post including your edited screencast video (if you have any problems screencasting or video editing, please attend the lab or office hours for assistance). Other multimedia objects you could include are photos, videos, infographics etc.

Multimedia principle

Interactive and multimedia learning is a new form of method which is incorporating itself into the field of the academic education system. Similarly, I have high hopes from the class which is to get at least a beginner level of skills by which I can create multimedia-based infographics. However, I am sure that it can make me an expert on that thing as it also depends on my efforts towards learning from this course. In my opinion, the example of Rich’s son playing a web-based game is related to more interactive learning. Similarly, one example of multimedia-based learning can be TED talks which incorporates presentation, speech and videos simultaneously (Huang et. al, 2016). It does make a positive impact on me as with their multimedia-based learning method. They can convey the message more accurately to the wider audience.

Figure 1-Multimedia Presentation (TED Talk) Source: Sciencedirect.com

Additionally, I also remember a learning experience that does not involve digital technology from my school days. One of our English teacher who seems to be expert its storytelling. He used hand gestures, simple pictures and wooden figures to convey the message to the students. I enjoyed it very much and it will remain a positive experience for me as it brings back the old memories. Similarly, I used to add symbols, figures and small clipart in the presentation of my previous class to make them impactful. Thus, I gained a lot from today’s videos and also came to know about the fact that multimedia form of expression is more than three centuries old.

References

Huang, Y.T., Yang, T.C., Chen, M.C., Chen, C.M. and Sun, Y.S., 2016, July. Design of an online multimedia learning system for improving students’ perceptions of english language learning. In 2016 IEEE 16th International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT) (pp. 327-331). IEEE.

URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/social-sciences/multimedia-learning